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Which vs And - What's the difference?

which | and |

As a determiner which

is what, of those mentioned or implied (used interrogatively ).

As a pronoun which

is (lb) who; whom; what (of those mentioned or implied).

As a noun which

is an occurrence of the word which .

As a proper noun and is

.

which

English

(wikipedia which)

Alternative forms

* whiche (obsolete) * wich (Jamaican English)

Determiner

(en determiner)
  • What, of those mentioned or implied (used interrogatively ).
  • * {{quote-magazine, date=2013-08-17, volume=408, issue=8849, magazine=(The Economist), author=Schumpeter
  • , title= In praise of laziness , passage=Which of these banes of modern business life is worse remains open to debate. But what is clear is that office workers are on a treadmill of pointless activity. Managers allow meetings to drag on for hours. Workers generate e-mails because it requires little effort and no thought. An entire management industry exists to spin the treadmill ever faster.}}
  • (interrogative) What one or ones (of those mentioned or implied).
  • (relative) The one or ones that.
  • (relative) The one or ones mentioned.
  • * {{quote-magazine, year=2013, month=May-June, author= Katrina G. Claw
  • , title= Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm , volume=101, issue=3, magazine=(American Scientist) , passage=Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.}}
  • Used of people (now generally (who), (whom) or (that)).
  • * 1526 , (William Tyndale), trans. Bible , Acts IX:
  • The men which acompanyed him on his waye stode amased, for they herde a voyce, butt sawe no man.

    Pronoun

    (English Pronouns)
  • (lb) Who; whom; what (of those mentioned or implied).
  • :
  • *
  • , title=(The Celebrity), chapter=2 , passage=Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke.
  • *
  • *:There was a neat hat-and-umbrella stand, and the stranger's weary feet fell soft on a good, serviceable dark-red drugget, which matched in colour the flock-paper on the walls.
  • *{{quote-magazine, date=2013-07-20, volume=408, issue=8845, magazine=(The Economist)
  • , title= Welcome to the plastisphere , passage=Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.}}

    Usage notes

    * (US usage'') Some authorities insist, prescriptively, that relative ''which'' should be used only in non-restrictive contexts. For restrictive contexts (e.g., ''The song that made the charts in 2004 is better than the later ones''), they prefer ''that''. Actual usage does not support this "rule". Fowler, who proposed the rule, himself acknowledged that it was "not the practice of most or of the best writers". Even E.B. White, a notorious "which-hunter", wrote this: "the premature expiration of a pig is, I soon discovered, a departure which the community marks solemnly on its calendar." In modern UK usage, ''The song which made the charts in 2004 is better than the later ones is generally accepted without question. * When "which" (or the other relative pronouns "who" and "that") is used as the subject of a relative clause, the verb agrees with the antecedent of the pronoun. Thus "The thing which is...", "The things which are...", etc.

    Quotations

    * 1611 — 1:1 *: Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us...

    Derived terms

    * every which way * every which where * whichever * whichness * whichsoever

    Noun

    (es)
  • An occurrence of the word which .
  • * 1959 , William Van O'Connor, Modern prose, form and style (page 251)
  • The ofs and the whiches have thrown our prose into a hundred-years' sleep.
  • * 1989 , Donald Ervin Knuth, Tracy Larrabee, Paul M. Roberts, Mathematical writing (page 90)
  • Is it not true, TLL asked of Mary-Claire, that people invariably get their whiches and thats right when they speak?

    and

    English

    (wikipedia and)

    Etymology 1

    From (etyl) and, an, from (etyl) and, ond, .

    Alternative forms

    * et (obsolete)

    Conjunction

    (English Conjunctions)
  • As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other.
  • #Used simply to connect two noun phrases, adjectives or adverbs.
  • #* c. 1430' (reprinted '''1888 ), Thomas Austin, ed., ''Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London: 374760, page 11:
  • Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke
  • #*:
  • #*:In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
  • #*1817 , (Jane Austen), Persuasion :
  • #*:as for Mrs. Smith, she had claims of various kinds to recommend her quickly and permanently.
  • #*2011 , Mark Townsend, The Guardian , 5 November:
  • #*:‘The UKBA has some serious explaining to do if it is routinely carrying out such abusive and unlawful inspections.’
  • #Simply connecting two clauses or sentences.
  • #*1991 , (Jung Chang), Wild Swans :
  • #*:When she saw several boys carrying a huge wooden case full of porcelain, she mumbled to Jinming that she was going to have a look, and left the room.
  • #*2011 , Helena Smith & Tom Kington, The Guardian , 5 November:
  • #*:"Consensus is essential for the country," he said, adding that he was not "tied" to his post and was willing to step aside.
  • #Introducing a clause or sentence which follows on in time or consequence from the first.
  • #*1996 , David Beasley, Chocolate for the Poor :
  • #*:‘But if you think you can get it, Christian, you're a fool. Set one foot upcountry and I'll kill you.’
  • #*2004 , Will Buckley, The Observer :, 22 August:
  • #*:One more error and all the good work she had done on Friday would be for nought.
  • #(label) Yet; but.
  • #*1611 , Authorised (King James) Version, Bible , Matthew XXII:
  • #*:Hee said, I goe sir, and went not.
  • #Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (not dated); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now chiefly UK); to connect fractions to wholes.
  • #*1863 , (Abraham Lincoln), ‘Gettysburg Address’:
  • #*:Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that "all men are created equal".
  • #*
  • #*:In Chicago these latter were receiving, for the most part, eighteen and a half cents an hour, and the unions wished to make this the general wage for the next year.
  • #*1956 , (Dodie Smith), (title):
  • #*:The One Hundred and One Dalmatians.
  • # Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.
  • #*1623 , (William Shakespeare), Julius Caesar , First Folio, II.2:
  • #*:And these does she apply, for warnings and' portents, / ' And euils imminent; and on her knee / Hath begg'd, that I will stay at home to day.
  • #*1939 , Langley, Ryerson & Woolf, The Wizard of Oz (screenplay):
  • #*:Lions, and' tigers, ' and bears! Oh, my!
  • #Connecting two identical elements, with implications of continued or infinite repetition.
  • #*1611 , Authorised (King James) Version, Bible , Psalms CXLV:
  • #*:I will extol thee, my God, O king; and I will bless thy name for ever and ever.
  • #*2011 , Jonathan Watts, The Guardian , 18 March:
  • #*:He was at work in a nearby city when the tsunami struck. ‘As soon as I saw it, I called home. It rang and rang, but there was no answer.’
  • #Introducing a parenthetical or explanatory clause.
  • #*1918 , , Prime Ministers and Some Others :
  • #*:The word "capable" occurs in Mr. Fisher's Bill, and rightly, because our mental and physical capacities are infinitely varied.
  • #*2008 , The Guardian , 29 Jan 2008:
  • #*:President Pervez Musharraf is undoubtedly sincere in his belief that he, and he alone, can save Pakistan from the twin perils of terrorism and anarchy.
  • #Introducing the continuation of narration from a previous understood point; also used alone as a question: ‘and so what?’.
  • #*1611 , Authorised (King James) Version, Bible , Revelation XIV:
  • #*:And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps.
  • #*1861 , (Charles Dickens), Great Expectations :
  • #*:‘You take it smoothly now,’ said I, ‘but you were very serious last night, when you swore it was Death.’ ‘And so I swear it is Death,’ said he, putting his pipe back in his mouth.
  • #*1914 , (Saki), ‘The Lull’, Beasts and Superbeasts :
  • #*:‘And , Vera,’ added Mrs. Durmot, turning to her sixteen-year-old niece, ‘be careful what colour ribbon you wear in your hair.’
  • #
  • #*1817 , (Jane Austen), Sanditon :
  • #*:Beyond paying her a few charming compliments and amusing her with gay conversation, had he done anything at all to try and gain her affection?
  • #*1989 , (James Kelman), A Disaffection :
  • #*:Remember and help yourself to the soup! called Gavin.
  • #Introducing a qualitative difference between things having the same name; "as well as other".
  • #*1936 , The Labour Monthly , vol. XVIII:
  • #*:Undoubtedly every party makes mistakes. But there are mistakes and mistakes.
  • #*1972 , Esquire , vol. LXXVIII:
  • #*:"There are managers and there are managers," he tells me. "I'm totally involved in every aspect of Nina's career."
  • #Used to combine numbers in addition; plus (with singular or plural verb).
  • #*1791 , (James Boswell), Life of Samuel Johnson :
  • #*:‘Nobody attempts to dispute that two and two make four: but with contests concerning moral truth, human passions are generally mixed.’
  • #*1871 , (Lewis Carroll), Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There :
  • #*:‘Can you do Addition?’ the White Queen asked. ‘What's one and' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one ' and one?’
  • (label) Expressing a condition.
  • #
  • #*1485 , Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur , Book VII:
  • #*:"Where ys Sir Launcelot?" seyde King Arthure. "And he were here, he wolde nat grucche to do batayle for you."
  • #*1526 , William Tyndale, trans. Bible , Matthew XIV:
  • #*:Peter answered, and sayde: master, and thou be he, bidde me come unto the on the water.
  • #*1958 , (Shirley Ann Grau), The Hard Blue Sky :
  • #*:"And he went slower," Mike said softly, "he go better."
  • #(label) As if, as though.
  • #*1600 , (William Shakespeare), A Midsummer Night's Dream , I.2:
  • #*:I will roare you, and 'twere any Nightingale.
  • #(label) Even though.
  • #*Francis Bacon
  • #*:As they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their eggs.
  • Usage notes
    (Usage notes)
    1. Beginning a sentence with and or other coordinating conjunctions is considered incorrect by classical grammarians arguing that a coordinating conjunction at the start of a sentence has nothing to connect, but use of the word in this way is very common. The practice will be found in literature from Anglo-Saxon times onwards, especially as an aid to continuity in narrative and dialogue. The OED'' provides examples from the 9th century to the 19th century, including one from Shakespeare’s ''King John:'' “''Arthur''. Must you with hot Irons, burne out both mine eyes? ''Hubert.'' Young boy, I must. ''Arthur''. And will you? ''Hubert . And I will.” It is also used for other rhetorical purposes, especially to denote surprise
      (O John! and you have seen him! And are you really going?—1884 in OED )
      and sometimes just to introduce an improvised afterthought
      (I’m going to swim. And don’t you dare watch—G. Butler, 1983)
      It is, however, poor style to separate short statements into separate sentences when no special effect is needed: I opened the door and I looked into the room'' (not *''I opened the door. And I looked into the room''). Combining sentences or starting with ''in addition'' or ''moreover is preferred in formal writing.
    2. is often omitted for contextual effects of various kinds, especially between sequences of descriptive adjectives which can be separated by commas or simply by spaces
      (The teeming jerrybuilt dun-coloured traffic-ridden deafening city—Penelope Lively, 1987)
      is a well-established tag added to the end of a statement, as in
      Isn’t it amazing? He has a Ph.D. and all—J. Shute, 1992
      With the nominal meaning “also, besides, in addition”, the use has origins in dialect, as can be seen from the material from many regions given in the English Dialect Dictionary (often written in special ways, e.g., ). In many of the examples it seems to lack any perceptible lexical meaning and to be just a rhythmical device to eke out a sentence.
    Synonyms
    * (used to connect two similar words or phrases) as well as, together with, in addition to * (informal)

    Etymology 2

    From (etyl) ande, from (etyl) .

    Alternative forms

    * aynd, eind, eynd, yane, end

    Noun

    (en noun)
  • Breath.
  • Sea-mist; water-smoke.
  • Etymology 3

    From (etyl) anden, from (etyl) . See above.

    Alternative forms

    * eind, eynd, ein

    Verb

    (en verb)
  • To breathe; whisper; devise; imagine.
  • Statistics

    *