As nouns the difference between sediment and filtrate
is that
sediment is a collection of small particles, particularly dirt, that precipitates from a river or other body of water while
filtrate is the liquid or solution that has passed through a filter, and which has been separated from the filtride.
As verbs the difference between sediment and filtrate
is that
sediment is to deposit material as a sediment while
filtrate is to filter.