Stale vs Rundown - What's the difference?

As nouns the difference between stale and rundown

is that stale is theft; the act of stealing while rundown is a rough outline. Generally used in the definite, as the rundown.

As adjectives the difference between stale and rundown

is that stale is at a standstill; stalemated while rundown is alternative form of lang=en.

As a verb stale

is to make a ladder by joining rungs ("stales") between the posts.

stale

English

Etymology 1

From (etyl), from (etyl) stalu, from (etyl) Oxford English Dictionary . "Stale, n. 1".

Noun

(en noun)

(crime, obsolete) Theft; the act of stealing.

* 1340 , Ayenbite 9:

Ine þise heste is vorbode roberie]], [[theft, þiefþe, stale , and gavel.

(crime, obsolete) Stealth, used in the phrase by stale .

* Sawles Warde'' in ''Cott. Hom. , 249:

Hire wune is to cumen bi stale ...hwen me least cweneð.

Etymology 2

From (etyl), from (etyl) stalu, from (etyl) , which became English stele and stela.

Noun

(en noun)

A long, thin handle, as of rakes, axes, etc.

* 12th century , Sidonius Glosses'' in ''Anecd. Oxon. , I v 59 22:

Ansae et ansulae alicuius rei sunt illa eminentia in illa re per quam capi possit .i. ‘stale ’.

* Langland, Piers Plowman (Vesp. MS), C xxii 279:

And lerede men a ladel bygge with a long stale .

* 1742 , W. Ellis, London & Country Brewer 4th ed., I 61:

In Case your Cask is a Butt,...have ready boiling...Water, which put in, and, with a long Stale and a little Birch fastened to its End, scrub the Bottom.

* 1890 February 4, Manchester Guardian , 12 3:

You came to me with the axe head in one hand and the stale in the other.

(dialectical) The posts and rungs composing a ladder.

* 13th century , Ancrene Riwle , 160:

Scheome. and pine...beoð þe two leddre]] stalen'. þet beoð upriht to þe heouene. and bitweonen þeos ' stalen beoð þe tindes i-vestned of alle gode þeauwes. bi hwuche me of [[heaven, heouene.

* Shoreham Poems , I 49:

Þis]] ilke laddre is charite, [[the, Þe stales gode þeawis.

* 1887 , W. D. Parish & al., Kentish Dial.

Stales , the staves, or risings of a ladder, or the staves of a rack in a stable.

(botany, obsolete) The stem of a plant.

The shaft of an arrow, spear, etc.

* 1553 , J. Brende translating Q. Curtius Rufus, Hist. , IX

The Surgians]] cut of the stale of that shaft in suche wise, that they moued not the heade that was [[within, wythin the fleshe.

* G. Chapman translating Homer, Iliad , IV 173:

...seeing th'arrowes stale without.

Alternative forms

* stele (botanical, prefered ) * steal, stele (dialectical ) * steel, stail (arhaic )

Synonyms

* handle (grip of tools, generally ) * haft (handle of axes ) * shaft (body of arrows, spears, etc. ) * stem (plants )

Verb

(obsolete) To make a ladder by joining rungs ("stales") between the posts.

* 1492 in Archæol. Cant. , XVI 304:

For stalyng of the ladders of the Churche xx]] [[old penny, d.

Etymology 3

From (etyl) stail, from (etyl) . Related to (stall) and (stand).

Noun

(en noun)

(military, obsolete) A fixed position, particularly a soldier's in a battle-line.

* in C. L. Kingsford, Chrons. London (1905), 123:

And at pavelen...þe]] Erle of Dorzet helde is stale , and he [[took, toke prisoners.

* 1485 , , Le Morte d'Arthur , V xi 179

And syr]] Florence with his C knyghtes [[always, alwey kepte the stale and foughte manly.

(chess, uncommon) A stalemate; a stalemated game.

* 1423 , Kingis Quair , CLXIX:

‘Off mate?’ quod sche...‘thou has fundin stale This mony day’.

* 1625 , , Essays , 65

They stand at a stay; Like a Stale at Chesse, where it is no Mate, but yet the Game cannot stirre.

(military, obsolete) An ambush.

* Wyntoun Cron. , IX viii 811:

And he in stale howyd al stil.

* 1513 , G. Douglas translating Virgil, Æneid , XI x 96:

It is a stelling place and sovir harbry, Quhar ost in staill or embuschment may ly.

* 1577 , R. Holinshed, Chron. , II 1479 2:

The erle]] of Essex...with C. speares was layde in a stale , if the Frenchmen had come [[nearer, neerer.

(obsolete) A band of armed men or hunters.

* in N. H. Nicolas, Hist. Royal Navy (1847), II 491:

[Every time that it shall be ordered..that armed men..shall land on the enemy's coast to seek victuals... then there shall be ordained a sufficient ‘stale ’ of armed men and archers who shall wait together on the land until the ‘forreiours’ return to them].

* 14th century , Morte Arthur , 1355:

[Gawayne] sterttes owtte to hys stede, and with his stale wendes.

* J. Bellenden translating H. Boece, Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. , XII xvi 184:

The staill past]] throw the wod with sic noyis...yat all the bestis wer rasit fra thair [[dens, dennys.

* 1577 , R. Holinshed, Hist. Scotl.'', 471 2 in ''Chron. , I:

The Lard of Drunlanrig lying al]] thys while in ambush...forbare to breake out to gyue anye charge vppon his enimies, doubting least the Earle of Lennox hadde kept a stale [[behind, behynde.

(Scottish, military, obsolete) The main force of an army.

* 1532 in 1836, State Papers Henry VIII , IV 626:

Neveryeles I knaw asweill by Englisemen as Scottishmen that their stale was no les then thre thowsand men.

Derived terms

(der top) * hold one's stale * in stale * flying stale (der bottom)

Adjective

(-)

(chess, obsolete) At a standstill; stalemated.

* Ashmolean MS 344, 21:

Then drawith he & is stale .

Verb

(chess, uncommon, transitive) To stalemate.

* Ashmole MS 344, 7:

He shall stale þe black kyng in the pointe þer the crosse standith.

* 1903 , H. J. R. Murray, Brit. Chess. Mag. , 283:

In China, however, a player who stales his opponent's King, wins the game.

(chess, obsolete, intransitive) To be stalemated.

* 1597 , A. Montgomerie, Cherrie & Slae , 202:

For vnder]] cuire I got sik check, that I micht neither muife nor neck, bot ather stale or [[mate, mait.

Etymology 4

Uncertain. Perhaps (etyl) .Oxford English Dictionary . "Stale, n. 5" and "v. 1".

Noun

(-)

(livestock, obsolete) Urine, especially used of horses and cattle.

* 14th c. , Stockh. Medical MS. in Anglia XVIII.299:

In werd ben men & womenþat þer stale mown not holde.

* 1535 , (Miles Coverdale) translating the (Bible), "Isaiah", XXXVI.100:

That they be not compelled to eate their owne donge, and drinke their owne stale with you?

* 1548 , Robert Record, Vrinal of Physick , XI.89:

The stale of Camel]]s and Goatsis good for them that have the [[dropsy, dropsie.

* 1583 , B. Melbancke, Philotimus :

Or annoint thy selfe with the stale of a mule.

* , I.48:

Those of Crotta'' being hardly besieged by ''Metellus , were reduced to so hard a pinch, and strait necessitie of all manner of other beverage, that they were forced to drinke the stale or urine of their horses.

* (William Shakespeare), Antony & Cleopatra , I.iv.62:

Thou did'st drinke The stale of Horses.

* 1698 , J. Fryer, New Acct. E.-India & Persia , p.242:

Mice and Weasels by their poysonous Stale infect the Trees so, that they produce Worms.

* 1733 , W. Ellis, Chiltern & Vale Farming , p.122:

Sheep, whose Dung and Stale is of most Virtue in the Nourishment of all Trees.

Derived terms

(der top) * to have a rod in stale * blood-stale * stale-foul (der bottom)

Verb

(stal)

(livestock, obsolete, intransitive) To urinate, especially used of horses and cattle.

* 15th century , Lawis Gild'', X in ''Ancient Laws and Customs of the Burghs of Scotland , 68:

Gif ony stal in the yet of the gilde...he sall]] gif iiij[[old penny, d. to the mendis.

* 1530 , , L'éclaircissement de la langue française , 732 1:

Tary a whyle, your hors wyll staale .

* 1631 , , Bartholmew Fayre I iv 64:

Why a pox o' your boxe, once againe: let your little wife stale in it, and she will.

* 1663 , T. Killigrew, Parson's Wedding , I iii:

I wonder [the knight's son] doth not go on all four too, and hold up his Leg when he stales .

* 1903 , , Five Nations , 150:

Cattle-dung where fuel failed; Water where the mules had staled ; And sackcloth for their raiment.

* Sublime":

You stale' like a mare
And fart as you ' stale

* 1928 , (Siegfried Sassoon), Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man , Penguin 2013, page 35:

A mile or two before we got to the meet he stopped at an inn, where he put our horses into the stable for twenty minutes, ‘to give them a chance to stale ’.

Usage notes

Occasionally transitive, when in reference to horses or men pissing blood.

Etymology 5

From (etyl) of uncertain etymology, but probably originally from (etyl) '' ("to stand"): compare Flemish ''stel'' in the same sense for beer and urine.''Oxford English Dictionary . "Stale, adj. 1" & "n. 7".

Adjective

(er)

(alcohol, obsolete) Clear, free of dregs and lees; old and strong.

* K. Horn (Laud), 383:

Bi]] forn [[wine, win and ale.

* , Sir Thopas , 52:

Notemuge]] to putte in ale, Whether it be [[moist, moyste or stale

No longer fresh, in reference to food, urine, straw, wounds, etc.

* 1530 , , L'éclaircissement de la langue française , 325 2:

Stale' as breed or drinke is, ''rassis''. '''Stale as meate is that begynneth to savoure, ''viel .

* Wyll of Deuill , C 2 b:

New freshe blood to ouersprinkle their stale mete]] that it may [[seem, seme...newly kylled.

No longer fresh, new, or interesting, in reference to ideas and immaterial things; cliche, hackneyed, dated.

* 1562 , in J. Heywood, Proverbs & Epigrams (1867), 95:

Better is...be it new or stale , A harmelesse lie, than a harmefull true tale.

* 1579 , in G. Harvey, letter book, 60:

Doist thou smyle to reade this stale and beggarlye stuffe.

* 1604 , , I ii 133:

How wary, stale , flat, and vnprofitable Seeme to me all the vses of this world?

* 1822 March, , London Magazine , 284 1:

A two-days-old newspaper. You resent the stale thing as an affront.

No longer nubile or suitable for marriage, in reference to people; past one's prime.

* J. Jeffere, Bugbears , I ii 108:

Rosimunda...hathe an vncle a stale batcheler.

* 1742 , T. Short, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society , 42 226:

In barren Women, and stale Maids, Tapping should be very cautiously undertaken.

(agriculture, obsolete) Fallow, in reference to land.

* 1764 , Museum Rusticum , II 306:

Lime would do very little or no good on stale ploughed lands.

(legal) Unreasonably long in coming, in reference to claims and actions.

a stale affidavit

a stale demand

* 1769 , , Common Laws of England , IV xv 211:

The jury will rarely give credit to a stale complaint.

Worn out, particularly due to age or over-exertion, in reference to athletes and animals in competition.

* 1856 , "Stonehenge", Manual of British Rural Sports , II i vi §7 335:

By this means the [horse's] legs are not made more stale than necessary.

* 1885 May 28, Truth , 853 2:

Dame Agnes will probably be stale after her exertions in the Derby.

(finance) Out of date, unpaid for an unreasonable amount of time, particularly in reference to checks.

* 1901 , Business Terms & Phrases second edition, 199:

Stale cheque,...a cheque which has remained unpaid for some considerable time.

Usage notes

In the third sense regarding food, usually (but not always) pejorative and synonymous with gone bad and turned. In reference to mead, wine, and bread, it can describe an acceptable or desired state (see : crouton). In modern English, however, "stale beer" has been light struck, flat, or oxidized and is to be avoided.

Synonyms

* see also

Antonyms

* fresh

Derived terms

(der top) * go stale * stale-dated * stale drunk * stale-grown * stale-mouthed * stale-smelling * stale-worn (der bottom)

Noun

(en noun)

(colloquial) Something stale; a loaf of bread or the like that is no longer fresh.

* 1874 , , Far from the Madding Crowd , II iii 39:

I went to Riggs's batty-cake shop, and asked 'em for a penneth of the cheapest and nicest stales , that were all but blue-mouldy, but not quite.

* 1937 , , Road to Wigan Pier , I i 15:

Frayed-looking sweet-cakes...bought as ‘stales ’ from the baker.

Verb

(of alcohol, obsolete, transitive) To make stale; to age in order to clear and strengthen (a drink, especially beer).

* Promp. Parv. , 472 1:

Stalyn , or make stale drynke, defeco .

* 1826 , Art of Brewing , second edition, 106:

A stock of old porter should be kept, sufficient for staling the consumption of twelve months.

To make stale; to cause to go out of fashion or currency; to diminish the novelty or interest of, particularly by excessive exposure or consumption.

* 1601 , , Fountaine of Self-love , 36:

Ile goe tell all the Argument of his Play aforehand, and so stale his Inuention to the Auditory before it come foorth.

* 1601 , Ben Jonson, Every Man in his Humor , I iv:

Not content To stale himselfe in all societies, He makes my house as common as a Mart.

* , Antony & Cleopatra , II ii 241:

Age cannot wither her, nor custome stale Her infinite variety.

* 1863 , W. W. Story, Roba di Roma , I i 7:

Pictures and statues have been staled by copy and description.

To become stale; to grow odious from excessive exposure or consumption.

* 1717 , E. Erskine, Serm. in Wks. , 50 1:

They have got so much of Christ as to be staled of his company.

* 1893 , "Q", Delectable Duchy , 325:

Philanthropy was beginning to stale .

(alcohol) To become stale; to grow unpleasant from age.

* 1742 , W. Ellis, London & Country Brewer , 4th ed., I 64:

The Drink from that Time flattens and stales .

Derived terms

* antistaling

Etymology 6

Probably from uncommon (etyl) . Compare Old English ("catching fish").Oxford English Dictionary . "Stale, n. 3" & "v. 5".

Noun

(en noun)

(falconry, hunting, obsolete) A live bird to lure birds of prey or others of its kind into a trap.

* Promp. Parv. , 472 1:

Stale , of fowlynge or byrdys takynge, stacionaria .

* 1579 , , Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans , "Sylla", 515:

Like vnto the fowlers, that by their stales draw other birdes into their nets.

* 1608 , R. Tofte translating , Satyres , IV 56:

A wife thats more then faire is like a stale , Or chanting whistle which brings birds to thrall.

(obsolete) Any lure, particularly in reference to people used as live bait.

* ", Certayne Bokes :

She ran in all the hast]]
Vnbrased and vnlast...
It was a stale to take
the [[devil, deuyll in a brake.

* 1577 , , Chronicles , "The Historie of England, from the Time that It Was First Inhabited, Vntill the Time that It Was Last Conquered", 79 2:

The Britaynes]] woulde oftentimes...lay their Cattell...in places conueniente, to bee as a stale to the [[Romans, Romaynes, and when the Romaynes shoulde make to them to fetche the same away,...they would fall vpon them.

* 1579 , J. Stubbs, Discouerie Gaping Gulf

Her daughter Margerit was the stale to lure...them that otherwise flewe hyghe...and could not be gotten.

* 1615 , , A Relation of a Iourney begun An: Dom: 1610 , I 66:

...many of the Coffamen keeping beaytifull boyes, who ?erue as ?tales to procure them cu?tomers.

* 1670 , J. Eachard, Grounds Contempt of Clergy , 88:

Six-pence or a shilling to put into the Box, for a stale to decoy in the rest of the Parish.

(crime, obsolete) An accomplice of a thief or criminal acting as bait.

* 1526 , W. Bonde, Pylgrimage of Perfection , III:

Their mynisters, be false bretherne]] or false sustern, stales of the [[devil, deuyll.

* 1633 , S. Marmion, Fine Compan. , III iv:

This is Captain Whibble, the Towne stale , For all cheating imployments.

(obsolete) a partner whose beloved abandons or torments him in favor of another.

* 1578 , J. Lyly, Euphues , 33:

I perceiue Lucilla (sayd he) that I was made thy stale , and Philautus thy laughinge stocke.

* 1588 , T. Hughes, Misfortunes Arthur , I ii 3:

Was I then chose and wedded for his stale ?

* 1611 , T. Middleton & al., Roaring Girle :

Did I for this loose all my friends...to be made A stale to a common whore?

* , Comedy of Errors , II i 100:

But, too vnruly Deere, he breakes the pale And feedes from home; poore I am but his stale .

* J. Fletcher & al. Little French Lawyer , III iv:

This comes of rutting: Are we made stales to one another?

(obsolete) A patsy, a pawn, someone used under some false pretext to forward another's (usu. sinister) designs; a stalking horse.

* 1580 , E. Grindal in 1710, J. Strype, Hist. E. Grindal , 252:

That of the two nominated, one should be an unfit Man, and as it were a Stale , to bring the Office to the other.

* 1595 , Part 3, III iii 260:

Had he none else to make a stale but me?

* 1614 , W. Raleigh, Hist. World , I iv iii §19 239:

Eurydice...meaning nothing lesse than to let her husband serue as a Stale , keeping the throne warme till another were growne old enough to sit in it.

* 1711 , J. Puckle, Club 20:

A pretence of kindness is the universal stale to all base projects.

(crime, obsolete) A prostitute of the lowest sort; any wanton woman.

* 1600 , , II ii 23:

Spare not to tell him, that he hath wronged his honor in marrying the renowned Claudio...to a contaminated stale .

* 1606 , S. Daniel, Queenes Arcadia , II i:

But to be leaft for such a one as she, The stale of all, what will folke thinke of me?

* , Acts & Monuments , 265:

...detesting as he said the insatiable impudency of a prostitute Stale .

(hunting, obsolete) Any decoy, either stuffed or manufactured.

* 1681 , J. Flavell, Method of Grace , XXXV 588:

'Tis the living bird that makes the best stale to draw others into the net.

* 1888 , G. M. Fenn, Dick o' the Fens , 53:

If my live birds aren't all drownded and my stales spoiled.

Verb

(rare, obsolete, transitive) To serve as a decoy, to lure.

* 1557 , Tottel's Misc. , 198:

The eye...Doth serue to stale her here and there where she doth come and go.

Anagrams

References

----

rundown

English

Noun

(en noun)

A rough outline. Generally used in the definite, as the rundown .

Could you give me the rundown on the new rules?

(baseball) A defensive play in which the runner is caught between two fielders, who steadily converge to tag the runner out.

Smith is caught in a rundown , but Jones will come around to score.

A Caribbean stew of fish (typically mackerel) with reduced coconut milk, yam, tomato, onion and seasonings.

Adjective

(-)

Synonyms

* bedraggled * broken-down * dilapidated * ramshackle * ruinous * tatterdemalion * tumbledown