In physics terms the difference between spintronics and valleytronics

is that spintronics is the storage and transfer of information using the spin state of electrons as well as their charge while valleytronics is a proposed equivalent of electronics utilizing {{term|valleys}} in the valence band or conduction band structure of some semiconductors or insulators that possess multiple valleys, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, bismuth, dichalcogenides, diamond or silicon.