Adjective

(en adjective)

Unfavourable, adverse, or disadvantageous.

*{{quote-book

, year=2004 , author=Jan Riordan , title=Breastfeeding and Human Lactation , chapter=5 , isbn=0763745855 , page=149 , passage=No untoward effects were reported; however, this was not a blinded or controlled study.}}

*{{quote-book

, year=2007 , author=Steven C. Schachter et al. , title=Behavioral Aspects of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice , chapter=4 , isbn=1933864044 , page=282 , passage=However, these guidelines may not be applicable to all individuals with refractory epilepsy, in whom seizure control is not achieved without using polytherapy or resection surgery with their untoward side effects.}}

Unruly, troublesome.

Unseemly, improper.

*{{quote-book

, year=between 1812 and 1814 , author= , title= , chapter=1 , passage=She could hardly have made a more untoward choice.}}

*{{quote-book

, year=2005 , author=John Martin , title=Organizational Behaviour and Management , isbn=1861529481 , page=518 , passage=The managing director was very depressed at the news, but realized that trying to prove anything untoward had taken place would be very difficult.}}

Adjective

(en adjective)

Obstinate and unruly; strongly opposed to something.

*

* 1836 , ,

Mr. Weller knocked at the door, and after a pretty long interval—occupied by the party without, in whistling a tune, and by the party within, in persuading a refractory flat candle to allow itself to be lighted

Not affected by great heat.

* '>citation

(medicine) Difficult to treat.

* 1949 , Albert Fields and John Hoesley, " Neck and Shoulder Pain", Calif. Med. , 70(6):478–482.,

Many of the vague and refractory cases of neck and shoulder pain and of migraine may be due to cervical disc disease.

* 1990 , H. A. Ring et al'', " Vigabatrin: rational treatment for chronic epilepsy", ''J. Neurol. Neurosurg.Psychiatry , 53(12):1051–1055,

In 33 adult patients with long standing refractory epilepsy on treatment with one or two standard anti-convulsant drugs,

(biology) Incapable of registering a reaction or stimulus.

* 1959 , Nobusada Ishiko and Werner R. Loewenstein, " Electrical output of a receptor membrane]", [[w:Science (journal), Science] , 1959, 130:1405-6,

The production of a generator potential leaves a refractory state in the receptor membrane

* 1970 , S.S. Barold et al'', " Chest wall stimulation in evaluation of patients with implanted ventricular-inhibited demand pacemakers", ''Br. Heart J. , 32(6):783–789,

The delineates the pacemaker refractory period after the emission of a pacing stimulus and after the sensing of a spontaneous beat.