What is the difference between notwithstanding and however?
notwithstanding | however | Synonyms |
Nevertheless, all the same.
* 1599 , , i 4:
Although.
* 1724 , , ch. 30:
In spite of, despite.
* 2014 , Richard Rae, "
* Dr. H. More
* 1826 , , ch. 26:
* 1679 — , section 11
An instance of the word "notwithstanding", often characteristic of legalese.
* 2003 , Banesh Hoffmann, The Tyranny of Testing (page 53)
* 2004 , Trevor Carolan, Down in the Valley: Writing in British Columbia (page 107)
* 2010 , Richard Marcinko, Red Cell (page 149)
(lb) Nevertheless, nonetheless, even so, that said, in spite of this.
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*:Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however , understood him very well.
*
, chapter=2, title= *{{quote-magazine, date=2013-06-29, volume=407, issue=8842, page=72-3, magazine=(The Economist)
, title= (lb) To whatever degree.
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(lb) In whatever way.
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*{{quote-magazine, date=2013-06-21, author=(Oliver Burkeman)
, volume=189, issue=2, page=48, magazine=(The Guardian Weekly)
, title= In what way?; how?
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In whatever manner (that).
To whatever extent.
(proscribed) Although, though, but, yet.
However is a synonym of notwithstanding.
As adverbs the difference between notwithstanding and however
is that notwithstanding is nevertheless, all the same while however is nevertheless, nonetheless, even so, that said, in spite of this.As conjunctions the difference between notwithstanding and however
is that notwithstanding is although while however is in whatever manner (that).As a preposition notwithstanding
is in spite of, despite.As a noun notwithstanding
is an instance of the word "notwithstanding", often characteristic of legalese.notwithstanding
English
Alternative forms
* noughtwithstanding (obsolete and rare)Adverb
(-)- But notwithstanding , man,
I'll do you your master what good I can;
Synonyms
* (nevertheless) all the same, nevertheless, nonethelessConjunction
(English Conjunctions)- Upon which Amy had said, that notwithstanding I was angry with her and had used her so hardly for saying something about her of the same kind, yet there was an absolute necessity of securing her and removing her out of the way;
Usage notes
* The conjunction is sometimes expressed in the form notwithstanding that''''', as in "the front was nearly four miles in advance, '''notwithstanding that the men marched three abreast" (Dickens, ''Barnaby Rudge , ch. 49. See .).Preposition
(English prepositions)Manchester United humbled by MK Dons after Will Grigg hits double", The Guardian , 26 August 2014:
- Van Gaal’s dismissal of his ability to play a central role notwithstanding , Shinji Kagawa began playing just behind the strikers Danny Welbeck and Javier Hernández.
- Those on whom Christ bestowed miraculous cures were so transported that their gratitude made them, notwithstanding his prohibition, proclaim the wonders he had done.
- Notwithstanding the high resolution of Hawkeye he fully comprehended all the difficulties and danger he was about to incur.
- And be it declared and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that an Habeas Corpus, according to the true intent and meaning of this act, may be directed and seen in any county Palatine, the Cinque Ports, or other privileged places within the Kindgom of England, dominion of Wales, or town of Berwick upon Tweed, and the islands of Jersey and Guernsey; any law or usage to the contrary notwithstanding .
Usage notes
* Often used after its complement, the etymology of its name notwithstanding.Synonyms
* (in spite of) despite, in spite of, maugreDerived terms
* notwithstanding clause (Canada)Noun
(en noun)- It is not for nothing that our language has its ifs and buts, its yets and howevers, its neverthelesses and notwithstandings , its possiblies and probablies and perhapses, and its on-the-other-hands.
- Letters from the English usually contained very formally typed documents with lots of heretofores and whereases and notwithstandings .
- The agreements were filled with wheretofores and herebys and hereafters and notwithstandings .
however
English
(POS mixed up)Adverb
(-)The Mirror and the Lamp, passage=That the young Mr. Churchills liked—but they did not like him coming round of an evening and drinking weak whisky-and-water while he held forth on railway debentures and corporation loans. Mr. Barrett, however , by fawning and flattery, seemed to be able to make not only Mrs. Churchill but everyone else do what he desired.}}
A punch in the gut, passage=Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however , has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.}}
The tao of tech, passage=But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention. Partly, this is a result of how online advertising has traditionally worked: advertisers pay for clicks, and a click is a click, however it's obtained.}}
Usage notes
* (nevertheless) Strunk and White’s (The Elements of Style)'' argues that the adverb ''however , in its sense of nevertheless, should be avoided at the beginning of a sentence.Synonyms
* after all * but * nevertheless * nonetheless * notwithstanding * though * that said * still and allConjunction
(English Conjunctions)- Do it however you want.
- However far he may get, there'll be many that get further.
- However much you prepare for the exam, there will still be a few questions on which you won't be sure of the answer.
Usage notes
*(although) The use of however'' as a conjunction meaning "but" is identical to its use as a clause-initial adverb meaning "nevertheless", except in punctuation (when written) and in prosody (when spoken). Hence, the following proscribed sentence:
(proscribed) ''He told me not to do it, however''' I did it.''
is equivalent to the following accepted one:
(accepted) ''He told me not to do it; '''however , I did it.''
In particular, when used as a conjunction in this sense, ''however always appears between the clauses it connects; it does not introduce a true subordinate clause that can be moved to the start of an independent clause, because a conjunctive adverb cannot do that.
Statistics
*References
* * * * "however (degree)" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (Cambridge University Press, 2007) * "
however (despite)" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (Cambridge University Press, 2007) * "
however (way)" in Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary (Cambridge University Press, 2007) * * Oxford English Dictionary , second edition (1989) * Random House Webster's Unabridged Electronic Dictionary (1987-1996)