As nouns the difference between neoprene and polyurethane

is that neoprene is a synthetic rubber, a polymer of chloroprene, commonly used in wetsuits, laptop sleeves, orthopedic braces, electrical insulation, liquid and sheet-applied elastomeric membranes and flashings, car fan belts, etc while polyurethane is any of various polymeric resins containing urethane links; used in very many industrial and domestic applications.