Kulak vs Kula - What's the difference?
kulak | kula |
(historical) A prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers.
* 2002 , (Christopher Hitchens), "Martin Amis: Lightness at Midnight", The Atlantic , Sep 2002:
* {{quote-web
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A tower, turret or a steeple on the Balkans erected during the period of domination on the area.
* 1867 , Georgina Mary Muir Mackenzie, Lady Georgina Mary Muir Sebright, Mackenzie Sebright, Adeline Paulina Irby,
* 1998 , Adil Zulfikarpaši?, Milovan Djilas, Nadežda Ga?e,
* 1998 , Miranda Vickers, Between Serb and Albanian , p. 111:
As nouns the difference between kulak and kula
is that kulak is a prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers while kula is a tower, turret or a steeple on the Balkans erected during the period of Ottoman domination on the area.kulak
English
(wikipedia kulak)Alternative forms
* koulak * KulakNoun
(en-noun)- The “internal organs,” as the CHEKA and the GPU and the KGB used to style themselves, were asked to police the mind for heresy as much as to torture kulaks to relinquish the food they withheld from the cities.
citation, archiveorg= , accessdate=21050206 , passage=We are the “upper middle class”, the new kulaks whose antisocial self-interest and lack of submission to the aims of the revolutionary vanguard must be extinguished. }}
Usage notes
During Soviet state collectivization of farming in the 1920s and 1930s the label kulak , implying “tight-fisted”, was applied pejoratively to attack land-owning peasants in general.Synonyms
* kurkulQuotations
* (English Citations of "kulak")References
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary: Tenth Edition 1997 ----kula
English
(wikipedia kula)Noun
(en noun)Travels in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe, p. 107:
- Instead of the haïdooks, their next of kin, the zaptiés now hold a kula on the highest point of the pass; here one pauses to rest after scrambling up the vile Turkish road on one side of the ravine, and before scrambling down the vile Turkish road on the other.
The Bosniak, p.5:
- The most important kulas of the ?engi?-begs are those in Zagorje, in Rataji and the River Odžak near Ustikolina.
- The kulas were indeed like fortresses, with as many as twenty 'guns', ie. adult men ready to fight.