Ergative vs Transpose - What's the difference?
ergative | transpose |
(grammar) Used of various situations where the subject of transitive constructions have different grammatical cases or thematic relations to those of intransitive constructions.
* 1987 , George Van Driem, A Grammar of Limbu ,
*
* 2000 , Hans Bennis, Adjectives and Argument Structure'', Peter Coopmans, Martin Everaert, Jane Barbara Grimshaw (editors), ''Lexical Specification and Insertion ,
* 2008 , Geoffrey Khan, HdO: The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar ,
(linguistics) The ergative case.
* 2006 , Miriam Butt, Theories of Case ,
(linguistics) An ergative verb or other expression.
* 1987 , Edward L. Keenan, Noun Phrase Accessibility and Universal Grammar'', ''Universal Grammar: 15 Essays ,
* 1994 , Virginia Yip, Chapter 6: Grammatical consciousness-raising and learnability'', Terence Odlin (editor), ''Perspectives on Pedagogical Grammar ,
* 2012 , Michael A. Daniel, Timur A. Maisak, Solmaz R. Merdanova, Causatives in Agul'', Pirkko Suihkonen, Bernard Comrie, V. D. Solov?ev (editors), ''Argument Structure and Grammatical Relations: A Crosslinguistic Typology ,
To reverse or change the order of (two or more things); to swap or interchange.
(music) To rewrite or perform (a piece) in another key
(algebra) To move (a term) from one side of an algebraic equation to the other, reversing the sign of the term. In matrix mathematics, the process of rearranging elements in a matrix, by interchanging their respective row and column positional indicators.
(adjective, algebra) In matrix mathematics, a matrix with the characteristic of having been transposed from a given matrix.
(adjective, algebra) In matrix mathematics, the resulting matrix, derived from performing a transpose operation on a given matrix.
(linear algebra) In matrix mathematics, the process of rearranging elements in a matrix, by interchanging their respective row and column positional indicators.
As an adjective ergative
is (grammar) used of various situations where the subject of transitive constructions have different grammatical cases or thematic relations to those of intransitive constructions.As a noun ergative
is (linguistics) the ergative case.As a verb transpose is
.ergative
English
Adjective
(-)- The case systems of ergative languages are counterintuitive to speakers of Indo-European languages.
page 39,
- The ergative' case marks the agent of a transitive verb. The '''ergative''' suffix is ''-le/-re/-lle/-?ille''. The form of the '''ergative suffix is ''/-le/'' for the indefinite and ''/-?ille/'' for the definite after the consonants ''/?/'', ''/k/'', ''/t/'', ''/p/'', ''/b/'', ''/?/'', ''/n/'' and ''/m/ .
- To illustrate what is meant by an ‘Ergative? structure, consider the following set of examples:
(155) (a) John broke the door''
(155) (b) ''The door'' broke
(156) (a) John might drown ''the kittens''
(156) (b) ''The kittens'' might drown
(157) (a) The artillery will sink ''the ship''
(157) (b) ''The ship'' will sink
(158) (a) John rolled ''the ball'' down the hill
(158) (b) ''The ball'' rolled down the hill
Following the terminology adopted in Chapter 7 (after Burzio (1986), p. 30), we might say that the (a) member of each of these pairs is a ''transitive'' structure, and the (b) member an ''ergative'' structure. In Burzio?s use of the term, an ''ergative Clause is an intransitive Clause which has a transitive counterpart in which the transitive Object corresponds to the ergative Subject.
page 28,
- A large number of adjectives that are unergative according to the tests provided in Section 2 appear to be ergative with respect to their argument structure.
page 22,
- In Kurdish, on the other hand, the corresponding compound construction, which appears to have been the model for the NENA[North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic] construction, is ergative in form when the verb is transitive.
Derived terms
* ergative case * ergative verbNoun
(en noun)page 178.
- There are some languages in which the ergative is not acquired as quickly or as easily as described above.
page 26,
- Woodbury (1975) does argue, however, that absolutives are more relativisable in Greenlandic than are ergatives', on the grounds that (1) RCs[Relative Clauses] formed on '''ergatives''' are somewhat more restricted in the distribution in matrix clauses (p. 21) than are those formed on absolutives, and (2) for certain verb classes ' ergatives cannot be relativised out of the active participle (p. 27).
page 128,
- Ergatives' share close similarities with agentless passives: Both are intransitive, both lack an agent, while the patient appears in the subject position. As the acquisition data show, learners seem to treat ' ergatives like passives.
page 66,
- Combining two ergatives' in one clause is not always ungrammatical in Agul; but one of the ' ergatives must be used in a non-agentive function, e.g. instrumental or temporal.