Collocation vs Contraction - What's the difference?
collocation | contraction |
(uncountable) The grouping or juxtaposition of things, especially words or sounds.
* 1869 , Friedrich Max Müller, Lectures on the Science of Language delivered at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in April, May, and June, 1861 , 2nd ed, Scribner, p 288:
(countable) Such a specific grouping.
* 1880 , William Dwight Whitney, Richard Morris, Language and its study, with especial reference to the Indo-European family , 2nd ed, Trübner & Co., p 56:
(linguistics, translation studies) A sequence of words or terms that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance (i.e., the statistically significant placement of particular words in a language).
* 1917 , Otto Jespersen, Negation in English and Other Languages, Copenhagen: A.F. Høst, p 39:
* 1938 , H.E. Palmer, A Grammar of English Words , Longmans, Green:
* 1951 , John Rupert Firth, Papers in linguistics, 1934–1951 , Oxford University Press, p 194:
* 1968 , John Rupert Firth, Frank Robert Palmer, Selected Papers of J.R. Firth, 1952–1959 , Longmans, p 181:
* 1995 , Paul Kussmaul, Training the Translator , Benjamins Translation Library, p. 17:
* 2004 , Sabine Bartsch, Structural and Functional Properties of Collocations in English: A Corpus Study of Lexical and Pragmatic Constraints on Lexical Co-Occurrence , Gunter Narr Verlag, p 30:
* 2006 , Tony McEnery, Richard Xiao, Yukio Tono, Corpus-Based Language Studies: An Advanced Resource Book , Taylor & Francis:
(mathematics) A method of determining coefficients in an expansion so as to nullify the values of an ordinary differential equation at prescribed points.
(computing) A service allowing multiple customers to locate network, server and storage gear, connect them to a variety of telecommunications and network service providers, with a minimum of cost and complexity.
* 2011 , "Tyler Durden", Zero Hedge, ''
A reversible reduction in size.
(economics) A period of economic decline or negative growth.
(biology) A shortening of a muscle when it is used.
(medicine) A strong and often painful shortening of the uterine muscles prior to or during childbirth.
(linguistics) A process whereby one or more sounds of a free morpheme (a word) are lost or reduced, such that it becomes a bound morpheme (a clitic) that attaches phonologically to an adjacent word.
(English orthography) A word with omitted letters replaced by an apostrophe, usually resulting from the above process.
(medicine) Contracting a disease.
(phonetics) Syncope, the loss of sounds from within a word.
The acquisition of something, generally negative.
(medicine) A distinct stage of wound healing, wherein the wound edges are gradually pulled together.
As nouns the difference between collocation and contraction
is that collocation is (uncountable) the grouping or juxtaposition of things, especially words or sounds while contraction is a reversible reduction in size.collocation
English
(wikipedia collocation)Noun
(en noun) (collocation)- Everything in fact depends in Chinese on the proper collocation of words in a sentence. Thus ngò tà ni'' means “I beat thee;” but ''ni tà ngò would mean “Thou beatest me.”
- We said at first bre?k fâst''—“I broke fast at such an hour this morning:” he, or they, who first ventured to say ''I breakfasted'' were guilty of as heinous a violation of grammatical rule as he would be who should now declare ''I takedinnered'', instead of ''I took dinner;'' but good usage came over to their side and ratified the blunder, because the community were minded to give a specific name to their earliest meal and to the act of partaking of it, and therefore converted the collocation ''bre?kfâst'' into the real compound ''br?akfast .
- Little'' and ''few'' are also incomplete negatives; note the frequent collocation with ''no:'' there is ''little or no danger.
- [subtitle] One thousand English words and their pronunciation, together with information concerning the several meanings of each word, its inflections and derivatives, and the collocations and phrases into which it enters.
- I propose to bring forward as a technical term, meaning by ‘collocation ’, and to apply the test of ‘collocability’.
- Collocations of a given word are statements of the habitual or customary places of that word in a collocational order but not in any other contextual order and emphatically not in grammatical order
- The problem here was the translation of "period" by German "Periode". In describing the symptoms we may say that in connection with "Schlaf" the German word "Phase" would have been a better collocation .
- It is not entirely clear who was the first linguist to use the term collocation' in the sense of a recurrent, relatively fixed word combination. Among the first linguists to base a theory of meaning on the notion of “meaning by ' collocation ” is J.R. Firth (1957) who is commonly credited with systematically introducing the concept of collocation into linguistic theory.
- [p 56] The term collocation''''' refers to the characteristic co-occurrence patterns of words, i.e., which words typically co-occur in corpus data (see Units A10.2 and C1). Collocates can be lexical words or grammatical words. '''Collocations''' are identified using a statistical approach. Three statistical formulae are most commonly used in corpus linguistics to identify significant '''collocations : the M1 (mutual information), ''t'' and ''z scores.
- [p 159] In lexical studies collocation and semantic prosody/preference can only be quantified reliably on the basis of corpus data.
Watch Bernanke's Q&A With FOMC Approved Sycophants Live Here:
- As usual, nothing of significance will be asked, and most certainly, answered, but do expect the dollar (and, inversely, ES) to go up, then down, then up, and so forth as random vacuum tubes blow in NYSE's ultramodern Mahwah collocation facility.
Derived terms
* collocate (qualifier) * collocability (linguistics)See also
* actant * compound * idiom * phrasecontraction
English
Noun
(en noun)- The country's economic contraction was caused by high oil prices.
- In English ''didn't'', ''that's'', and ''wanna'', the endings ''-n't'', ''-'s'', and ''-a'' arose by contraction .
- "Don't" is a contraction of "do not."
- The contraction of AIDS from toilet seats is extremely rare.
- Our contraction of debt in this quarter has reduced our ability to attract investors.