Close vs By - What's the difference?
close | by |
(label) To remove a gap.
# To obstruct (an opening).
# To move so that an opening is closed.
#* (Lord Byron) (1788-1824)
#*
#*:If I close my eyes I can see Marie today as I saw her then. Round, rosy face, snub nose, dark hair piled up in a chignon.
# To make (e.g. a gap) smaller.
# To grapple; to engage in close combat.
#* (1796-1859)
(label) To finish, to terminate.
# To put an end to; to conclude; to complete; to finish; to consummate.
#* (John Dryden) (1631-1700)
# To come to an end.
# (label) To make a sale.
# To make the final outs, usually three, of a game.
# To terminate an application, window, file or database connection, etc.
To come or gather around; to enclose; to encompass; to confine.
* Bible, (w) ii. 5
* (George Herbert) (1593-1633)
(label) To have a vector sum of 0; that is, to form a closed polygon.
An end or conclusion.
* Macaulay
The manner of shutting; the union of parts; junction.
* Chapman
A grapple in wrestling.
(music) The conclusion of a strain of music; cadence.
* Dryden
(music) A double bar marking the end.
Closed, shut.
* 1526 , William Tyndale, trans. Bible , Matthew chapter 8:
* Dryden
Narrow; confined.
* Charles Dickens
At a little distance; near.
* , chapter=7
, title= * {{quote-magazine, date=2013-06-01, volume=407, issue=8838, page=71, magazine=(The Economist)
, title= Intimate; well-loved.
# (legal) Of a corporation or other business entity, closely held.
Oppressive; without motion or ventilation; causing a feeling of lassitude.
* Francis Bacon
Hot, humid, with no wind.
(linguistics, phonetics, of a vowel) Articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate.
Strictly confined; carefully guarded.
(obsolete) Out of the way of observation; secluded; secret; hidden.
* Bible, 1 Chron. xii. 1
* Spenser
Nearly equal; almost evenly balanced.
Short.
(archaic) Dense; solid; compact.
* John Locke
(archaic) Concise; to the point.
* Dryden
(dated) Difficult to obtain.
(dated) Parsimonious; stingy.
* Hawthorne
Adhering strictly to a standard or original; exact.
Accurate; careful; precise; also, attentive; undeviating; strict.
An enclosed field.
(British) A street that ends in a dead end.
(Scotland) A very narrow alley between two buildings, often overhung by one of the buildings above the ground floor.
(Scotland) The common staircase in a tenement.
A cathedral close.
* Macaulay
(legal) The interest which one may have in a piece of ground, even though it is not enclosed.
Near or next to.
At some time before (the given time), or before the end of a given time interval.
(Indicates the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice): Through the action or presence of.
* {{quote-news, year=2011, date=September 28, author=Jon Smith, work=BBC Sport
, title= (Indicates the creator of a work): Existing through the authorship etc. of.
(Indicates the cause of a condition or event): Through the action of, caused by, responsibility for; by dint of.
* 1874 , (Thomas Hardy), (Far from the Madding Crowd) , 2005 Barnes & Noble Classics publication of 1912 Wessex edition, p.109:
(Indicates a means): Involving/using the means of.
*
*:"I don't want to spoil any comparison you are going to make," said Jim, "but I was at Winchester and New College." ¶ "That will do," said Mackenzie. "I was dragged up at the workhouse school till I was twelve. Then I ran away and sold papers in the streets, and anything else that I could pick up a few coppers by —except steal."
(Indicates a source of light): Medium emanating from hot sources.
* 1945 , Neva L. Boyd, Handbook of Recreational Games , 1975 edition, ISBN 0486232042,
* 1960 , , (One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish)
(senseid).
(Indicates the amount of some progression): With a change of.
(Indicates a referenced source): According to.
(Indicates an oath): With the authority of.
Along a path which runs by the speaker.
In the vicinity, near.
* Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness
To or at a place, as a residence or place of business.
Aside, away.
Out of the way, subsidiary.
As verbs the difference between close and by
is that close is (label) to remove a gap while by is .As nouns the difference between close and by
is that close is an end or conclusion or close can be an enclosed field while by is bee (insect).As an adjective close
is closed, shut.close
English
Etymology 1
From (etyl) .Verb
(clos)- What deep wounds ever closed without a scar?
- They boldly closed in a hand-to-hand contest.
- One frugal supper did our studies close .
- The depth closed me round about.
- But now Thou dost Thyself immure and close / In some one corner of a feeble heart; / Where yet both Sinne and Satan, Thy old foes, / Do pinch and straiten Thee, and use much art / To gain Thy thirds' and little part.
Synonyms
* close off, close up, cover, shut, shut off * shut * (put an end to) end, finish, terminate, wind up, close down * narrow * (terminate a computer program) close out, exitAntonyms
* open * open * (put an end to) begin, commence, initiate, start * extend, widen * (terminate a computer program) open, startDerived terms
* autoclosing * case closed * close down * close in * close off * close one's eyes * close out * close ranks * close the door on * close the face * close up *Noun
(en noun)- We owe them our thanks for bringing the project to a successful close .
- His long and troubled life was drawing to a close .
- The doors of plank were; their close exquisite.
- (Francis Bacon)
- At every close she made, the attending throng / Replied, and bore the burden of the song.
Synonyms
* (end) end, finaleAntonyms
* (end) beginning, startEtymology 2
From (etyl) clos, from (etyl) clausum, participle of (m).Adjective
(er)- There is nothinge so close , that shall not be openned, and nothinge so hyd that shall not be knowen.
- From a close bower this dainty music flowed.
- a close''' alley; '''close quarters
- a close prison
The Mirror and the Lamp, passage=[…] St.?Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close -packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.}}
End of the peer show, passage=Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close . This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.}}
- If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of windows and doors, the one maketh the air close , and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.
- a close prisoner
- He yet kept himself close because of Saul.
- her close intent
- a close contest
- to cut grass or hair close
- The golden globe being put into a press, the water made itself way through the pores of that very close metal.
- close reasoning
- Where the original is close no version can reach it in the same compass.
- Money is close .
- (Bartlett)
- a crusty old fellow, as close as a vice
- a close translation
- (John Locke)
- The patient was kept under close observation.
Synonyms
* (at a little distance) close by, near, nearby * (intimate) intimate * muggy, oppressive * (articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate) highAntonyms
* (at a little distance) distant, far, far away, far off, remote * (intimate) aloof, cool, distant * (articulated with the tongue body relatively close to the hard palate) openDerived terms
* close call * closely * closeness * close shave * close-up * thiscloseNoun
(en noun)- closes surrounded by the venerable abodes of deans and canons.
- (Bouvier)
Synonyms
* (street) cul-de-sacStatistics
*by
English
(wikipedia by)Alternative forms
* bye (archaic for preposition and adverb, not used for abbreviation, preferred for noun and interjection)Preposition
(English prepositions)Valencia 1-1 Chelsea, passage=Valencia threatened sporadically in the first half with Miguel having a decent effort deflected wide by Ashley Cole, while Jordi Alba's near-post cross was flicked into the sidenetting by Pablo Hernandez.}}
- In other directions the fields and sky were so much of one colour by the snow that it was difficult in a hasty glance to tell whereabouts the horizon occurred.
p.16:
- Players: Can we get there by candlelight? ¶ Gatekeepers: Yes and back again.
- By' the light of the moon, / ' by the light of a star / they walked all night
Derived terms
* bit by bit * by degrees * by dint of * by one's lonesome * by oneself * by means of * by rights * by the book * by the by * by the bye * by the way * by your leave * by way of * do good by * do right by * hard by * side by sideAdverb
(-)- I watched as it passed by .
- There was a shepherd close by .
- The shop is hard by the High Street.
- [The helmsman] steered with no end of a swagger while you were by ; but if he lost sight of you, he became instantly the prey of an abject funk
- I'll stop by on my way home from work.
- We're right near the lifeguard station. Come by before you leave.
- The women spent much time after harvest putting jams by for winter and spring.