throughput

As nouns the difference between taxonomy and throughput

is that taxonomy is the science or the technique used to make a classification while throughput is (operations) the rate of production; the rate at which something can be processed.

As nouns the difference between throughput and superscalar

is that throughput is (operations) the rate of production; the rate at which something can be processed while superscalar is a superscalar.

As an adjective superscalar is

(computing|of a cpu architecture) implementing instruction-level parallelism within a single processor, thereby allowing faster throughput than would otherwise be possible at the same clock speed.

As nouns the difference between throughput and goodput

is that throughput is the rate of production; the rate at which something can be processed while goodput is application-level throughput, i.e. the number of useful bits per unit of time forwarded by the network from source to destination, excluding protocol overhead such as retransmissions.