Verb

(intransitive) To separate into two or more pieces, to fracture or crack, by a process that cannot easily be reversed for reassembly.

If the vase falls to the floor, it might break .

She broke the vase.

# (intransitive) To crack or fracture (bone) under a physical strain.

His ribs broke under the weight of the rocks piled on his chest.

She broke his neck.

He slipped on the ice and broke his leg.

(US) To divide (something, often money) into smaller units.

''Can you break a hundred-dollar bill for me?

The wholesaler broke the container loads into palettes and boxes for local retailers.

To cause (a person) to lose his or her spirit or will; to crush the spirits of; to ruin (a person) emotionally.

Her child's death broke Angela.

Interrogators have used many forms of torture to break prisoners of war.

* Shakespeare

an old man, broken with the storms of state

To be crushed, or overwhelmed with sorrow or grief.

My heart is breaking .

To cause (a person or animal) to lose its will.

You have to break an elephant before you can use it as an animal of burden.

The interrogator hoped to break her to get her testimony against her accomplices.

To interrupt; to destroy the continuity of; to dissolve or terminate.

I've got to break this habit I have of biting my nails.

to break''' silence; to '''break''' one's sleep; to '''break one's journey

I had won four games in a row, but now you've broken my streak of luck.

* Shakespeare

Go, release them, Ariel; / My charms I'll break , their senses I'll restore.

To ruin financially.

The recession broke some small businesses.

* Dryden

With arts like these rich Matho, when he speaks, / Attracts all fees, and little lawyers breaks .

To violate, to not adhere to.

When you go to Vancouver, promise me you won't break the law.

He broke his vows by cheating on his wife.

break one's word

Time travel would break'' the laws of physics.

* Milton

Out, out, hyena! these are thy wonted arts / To break all faith, all vows, deceive, betray.

(of a fever) To pass the most dangerous part of the illness; to go down, temperaturewise.

Susan's fever broke at about 3 AM, and the doctor said the worst was over.

To design or use a powerful (yet legal) strategy that unbalances the game in a player's favor.

Letting white have three extra queens would break chess.

(intransitive) To stop, or to cause to stop, functioning properly or altogether.

On the hottest day of the year the refrigerator broke .

Did you two break the trolley by racing with it?

# To cause (some feature of a program or piece of software) to stop functioning properly; to cause a regression.

Adding 64-bit support broke backward compatibility with earlier versions.

To cause (a barrier) to no longer bar.

break a seal

# (specifically) To cause the shell of (an egg) to crack, so that the inside (yolk) is accessible.

# (specifically) To open (a safe) without using the correct key, combination or the like.

(of a wave of water) To collapse into surf, after arriving in shallow water.

To end.

The forecast says the hot weather will break by midweek.

To burst forth; to make its way; to come into view.

* Shakespeare

The clouds are still above; and, while I speak, / A second deluge o'er our head may break .

* Wordsworth

And from the turf a fountain broke , / And gurgled at our feet.

To interrupt or cease one's work or occupation temporarily.

Let's break for lunch.

To interrupt (a fall) by inserting something so that the falling object not hit something else beneath.

He survived the jump out the window because the bushes below broke his fall.

(ergative) To disclose or make known an item of news, etc.

The newsman wanted to break a big story, something that would make him famous.

I don't know how to break this to you, but your cat is not coming back.

In the latest breaking news...

When news of their divorce broke , ...

(of morning) To arrive.

Morning has broken .

* Shakespeare

The day begins to break , and night is fled.

(of a sound) To become audible suddenly.

* , The Battle-Day of Germantown'', reprinted in ''Washington and His Generals "1776" , page 45 [http://google.com/books?id=EM-qNjWrI9YC&pg=PA45&dq=%22sound+of+musquetry%22]:

Like the crash of thunderbolts.

To change a steady state abruptly.

His coughing broke the silence.

His turning on the lights broke the enchantment.

With the mood broken , what we had been doing seemed pretty silly.

(copulative, informal) To suddenly become.

Things began breaking bad for him when his parents died.

The arrest was standard, when suddenly the suspect broke ugly.

Of a voice, to alter in type: in men generally to go up, in women sometimes to go down; to crack.

His voice breaks when he gets emotional.

To surpass or do better than (a specific number), to do better than (a record), setting a new record.

He broke the men's 100-meter record.

I can't believe she broke 3 under par!

The policeman broke sixty on a residential street in his hurry to catch the thief.

(sports, and, games):

# (tennis) To win a game (against one's opponent) as receiver.

He needs to break serve to win the match.

#* {{quote-news, year=2012

, date=June 28 , author=Jamie Jackson , title=Wimbledon 2012: Lukas Rosol shocked by miracle win over Rafael Nadal , work=the Guardian citation , page= , passage=Yet when play restarted the Czech was a train that kept on running over Nadal. After breaking Nadal in the opening game of the final set, he went 2-0 up and later took the count to 4-2 with yet another emphatic ace – one of his 22 throughout.}}

# (intransitive, billiards, snooker, pool) To make the first shot; to scatter the balls from the initial neat arrangement.

Is it your or my turn to break ?

# (backgammon) To remove one of the two men on (a point).

To demote, to reduce the military rank of.

* 1953 February 9, “ Books: First Rulers of Asia”, in Time :

And he played no favorites: when his son-in-law sacked a city he had been told to spare, Genghis broke him to private.

* 1968 , , Back Bay (2003), ISBN 978-0-316-52940-2, page 215:

One morning after the budget had failed to balance Finanzminister von Scholz picked up Der Reichsanzeiger and found he had been broken to sergeant.

* 2006 , , Medal of Honor: Portraits of Valor Beyond the Call of Duty , Second Edition, Artisan Books, ISBN 978-1-57965-314-9, page 42:

Not long after this event, Clausen became involved in another disciplinary situation and was broken to private—the only one to win the Medal of Honor in Vietnam.

To end (a connection), to disconnect.

The referee ordered the boxers to break the clinch.

The referee broke the boxers' clinch.

I couldn't hear a thing he was saying, so I broke the connection and called him back.

(of an emulsion) To demulsify.

* '>citation

* '>citation

(sports) To counter-attack

* {{quote-news, year=2010

, date=December 28 , author=Kevin Darlin , title=West Brom 1 - 3 Blackburn , work=BBC citation , page= , passage=The Baggies almost hit back instantly when Graham Dorrans broke from midfield and pulled the trigger from 15 yards but Paul Robinson did superbly to tip the Scot's drive around the post. }}

(obsolete) To lay open, as a purpose; to disclose, divulge, or communicate.

* Shakespeare

Katharine, break thy mind to me.

To become weakened in constitution or faculties; to lose health or strength.

* Jonathan Swift

See how the dean begins to break ; / Poor gentleman he droops apace.

(obsolete) To fail in business; to become bankrupt.

* Francis Bacon

He that puts all upon adventures doth oftentimes break , and come to poverty.

To destroy the arrangement of; to throw into disorder; to pierce.

The cavalry were not able to break the British squares.

To destroy the strength, firmness, or consistency of.

to break flax

To destroy the official character and standing of; to cashier; to dismiss.

* Jonathan Swift

I see a great officer broken .

To make an abrupt or sudden change; to change the gait.

to break into a run or gallop

(archaic) To fall out; to terminate friendship.

* Collier

To break upon the score of danger or expense is to be mean and narrow-spirited.

Verb

(upp)

(colloquial) To increase or raise.

If we up the volume, we'll be able to make out the details.

We upped anchor and sailed away.

*

* {{quote-news

, year=2011 , date=December 10 , author=Marc Higginson , title=Bolton 1 - 2 Aston Villa , work=BBC Sport citation , passage=After a dreadful performance in the opening 45 minutes, they upped their game after the break and might have taken at least a point from the match.}}

(colloquial) To promote.

It wasn’t long before they upped him to Vice President.

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*

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To act suddenly, usually with another verb.

He just upped and quit.

He upped and punched that guy.

* 1991 , (Michael Jackson),

And she didn't leave a letter, she just upped and ran away.