After vs And - What's the difference?
after | and |
Behind; later in time; following.
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
*
, title=(The Celebrity), chapter=1
, passage=I was about to say that I had known the Celebrity from the time he wore kilts. But I see I will have to amend that, because he was not a celebrity then, nor, indeed, did he achieve fame until some time after I left New York for the West.}}
* {{quote-news, year=2012, date=April 15, author=Phil McNulty, work=BBC
, title= * {{quote-magazine, date=2013-06-08, volume=407, issue=8839, page=52, magazine=(The Economist)
, title= Behind.
*
, title=(The Celebrity), chapter=5
, passage=Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps,
In pursuit of, seeking.
In allusion to, in imitation of; following or referencing.
Next in importance or rank.
As a result of.
In spite of.
(Used to indicate recent completion of an activity)
*
*
* '>citation
*
*
(dated) According to an author or text.
Denoting the aim or object; concerning; in relation to.
(obsolete) According to the direction and influence of; in proportion to; befitting.
* Francis Bacon
(Signifies that the action of the clause it starts takes place before the action of the other clause).
:
*
*:It is never possible to settle down to the ordinary routine of life at sea until the screw begins to revolve. There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy.
*1991 , Donald "Shadow" Rimgale (character), (Robert DeNiro) (actor),
*:So you punched out a window for ventilation. Was that before or after you noticed you were standing in a lake of gasoline?
*{{quote-magazine, year=2013, month=May-June, author=
, title= (dated) Later; second (of two); next, following, subsequent
* 1834 , (w), A Narrative of the Life of , Nebraska 1987, p. 72:
* 1886 , (Thomas Hardy),
*
, title=(The Celebrity), chapter=1
, passage=In the old days, […], he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned. But he had then none of the oddities and mannerisms which I hold to be inseparable from genius, and which struck my attention in after days when I came in contact with the Celebrity.}}
(nautical, where the frame of reference is within the ship) At or towards the stern of a ship.
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other.
#Used simply to connect two noun phrases, adjectives or adverbs.
#* c. 1430' (reprinted '''1888 ), Thomas Austin, ed., ''Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London:
#*:
#*:In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
#*1817 , (Jane Austen), Persuasion :
#*:as for Mrs. Smith, she had claims of various kinds to recommend her quickly and permanently.
#*2011 , Mark Townsend, The Guardian , 5 November:
#*:‘The UKBA has some serious explaining to do if it is routinely carrying out such abusive and unlawful inspections.’
#Simply connecting two clauses or sentences.
#*1991 , (Jung Chang), Wild Swans :
#*:When she saw several boys carrying a huge wooden case full of porcelain, she mumbled to Jinming that she was going to have a look, and left the room.
#*2011 , Helena Smith & Tom Kington, The Guardian , 5 November:
#*:"Consensus is essential for the country," he said, adding that he was not "tied" to his post and was willing to step aside.
#Introducing a clause or sentence which follows on in time or consequence from the first.
#*1996 , David Beasley, Chocolate for the Poor :
#*:‘But if you think you can get it, Christian, you're a fool. Set one foot upcountry and I'll kill you.’
#*2004 , Will Buckley, The Observer :, 22 August:
#*:One more error and all the good work she had done on Friday would be for nought.
#(label) Yet; but.
#*1611 , Authorised (King James) Version, Bible , Matthew XXII:
#*:Hee said, I goe sir, and went not.
#Used to connect certain numbers: connecting units when they precede tens (not dated); connecting tens and units to hundreds, thousands etc. (now chiefly UK); to connect fractions to wholes.
#*1863 , (Abraham Lincoln), ‘Gettysburg Address’:
#*:Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that "all men are created equal".
#*
#*:In Chicago these latter were receiving, for the most part, eighteen and a half cents an hour, and the unions wished to make this the general wage for the next year.
#*1956 , (Dodie Smith), (title):
#*:The One Hundred and One Dalmatians.
# Used to connect more than two elements together in a chain, sometimes to stress the number of elements.
#*1623 , (William Shakespeare), Julius Caesar , First Folio, II.2:
#*:And these does she apply, for warnings and' portents, / ' And euils imminent; and on her knee / Hath begg'd, that I will stay at home to day.
#*1939 , Langley, Ryerson & Woolf, The Wizard of Oz (screenplay):
#*:Lions, and' tigers, ' and bears! Oh, my!
#Connecting two identical elements, with implications of continued or infinite repetition.
#*1611 , Authorised (King James) Version, Bible , Psalms CXLV:
#*:I will extol thee, my God, O king; and I will bless thy name for ever and ever.
#*2011 , Jonathan Watts, The Guardian , 18 March:
#*:He was at work in a nearby city when the tsunami struck. ‘As soon as I saw it, I called home. It rang and rang, but there was no answer.’
#Introducing a parenthetical or explanatory clause.
#*1918 , , Prime Ministers and Some Others :
#*:The word "capable" occurs in Mr. Fisher's Bill, and rightly, because our mental and physical capacities are infinitely varied.
#*2008 , The Guardian , 29 Jan 2008:
#*:President Pervez Musharraf is undoubtedly sincere in his belief that he, and he alone, can save Pakistan from the twin perils of terrorism and anarchy.
#Introducing the continuation of narration from a previous understood point; also used alone as a question: ‘and so what?’.
#*1611 , Authorised (King James) Version, Bible , Revelation XIV:
#*:And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps.
#*1861 , (Charles Dickens), Great Expectations :
#*:‘You take it smoothly now,’ said I, ‘but you were very serious last night, when you swore it was Death.’ ‘And so I swear it is Death,’ said he, putting his pipe back in his mouth.
#*1914 , (Saki), ‘The Lull’, Beasts and Superbeasts :
#*:‘And , Vera,’ added Mrs. Durmot, turning to her sixteen-year-old niece, ‘be careful what colour ribbon you wear in your hair.’
#
#*1817 , (Jane Austen), Sanditon :
#*:Beyond paying her a few charming compliments and amusing her with gay conversation, had he done anything at all to try and gain her affection?
#*1989 , (James Kelman), A Disaffection :
#*:Remember and help yourself to the soup! called Gavin.
#Introducing a qualitative difference between things having the same name; "as well as other".
#*1936 , The Labour Monthly , vol. XVIII:
#*:Undoubtedly every party makes mistakes. But there are mistakes and mistakes.
#*1972 , Esquire , vol. LXXVIII:
#*:"There are managers and there are managers," he tells me. "I'm totally involved in every aspect of Nina's career."
#Used to combine numbers in addition; plus (with singular or plural verb).
#*1791 , (James Boswell), Life of Samuel Johnson :
#*:‘Nobody attempts to dispute that two and two make four: but with contests concerning moral truth, human passions are generally mixed.’
#*1871 , (Lewis Carroll), Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There :
#*:‘Can you do Addition?’ the White Queen asked. ‘What's one and' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one '''and''' one ' and one?’
(label) Expressing a condition.
#
#*1485 , Sir Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur , Book VII:
#*:"Where ys Sir Launcelot?" seyde King Arthure. "And he were here, he wolde nat grucche to do batayle for you."
#*1526 , William Tyndale, trans. Bible , Matthew XIV:
#*:Peter answered, and sayde: master, and thou be he, bidde me come unto the on the water.
#*1958 , (Shirley Ann Grau), The Hard Blue Sky :
#*:"And he went slower," Mike said softly, "he go better."
#(label) As if, as though.
#*1600 , (William Shakespeare), A Midsummer Night's Dream , I.2:
#*:I will roare you, and 'twere any Nightingale.
#(label) Even though.
#*Francis Bacon
#*:As they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast their eggs.
As a noun after
is anus.As a proper noun and is
.after
English
Alternative forms
* afther * aftre (obsolete)Adverb
(-)- They lived happily ever after .
- I left the room, and the dog bounded after .
Derived terms
* after-effect * aftermarket * aftermath * aftertaste * afterwards * go afterPreposition
(English prepositions)Tottenham 1-5 Chelsea, passage=After early sparring, Spurs started to take control as the interval approached and twice came close to taking the lead. Terry blocked Rafael van der Vaart's header on the line and the same player saw his cross strike the post after Adebayor was unable to apply a touch.}}
The new masters and commanders, passage=From the ground, Colombo’s port does not look like much. Those entering it are greeted by wire fences, walls dating back to colonial times and security posts. For mariners leaving the port after lonely nights on the high seas, the delights of the B52 Night Club and Stallion Pub lie a stumble away.}}
- I can't believe that, after all our advice against gambling, you walked into that casino!
- to look after''' workmen; to enquire '''after''' a friend; to thirst '''after righteousness
- He takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and currency, and not after their intrinsic value.
Usage notes
* The Irish English usage example is equivalent to "I had just finished my dinner when .".Derived terms
* after one's own heart * after you * after-five * afternoon * go after * look after * name afterConjunction
(English Conjunctions)David Van Tassel], [http://www.americanscientist.org/authors/detail/lee-dehaan Lee DeHaan
Wild Plants to the Rescue, volume=101, issue=3, magazine=(American Scientist) , passage=Plant breeding is always a numbers game.
Adjective
(head)- I did verily believe in my own mind, that I couldn't fight in that way at all; but my after experience convinced me that this was all a notion.
- The amends he had made in after life were lost sight of in the dramatic glare of the original act.
Usage notes
* As shown in the examples above, the adverb in this nautical usage is (aft) and the related preposition is (abaft).Derived terms
*References
* Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition , Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8Statistics
*and
English
(wikipedia and)Etymology 1
From (etyl) and, an, from (etyl) and, ond, .Alternative forms
* et (obsolete)Conjunction
(English Conjunctions)374760, page 11:
- Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke
Quotations
* (English Citations of "and")Usage notes
(Usage notes)- Beginning a sentence with and or other coordinating conjunctions is considered incorrect by classical grammarians arguing that a coordinating conjunction at the start of a sentence has nothing to connect, but use of the word in this way is very common. The practice will be found in literature from Anglo-Saxon times onwards, especially as an aid to continuity in narrative and dialogue. The OED'' provides examples from the 9th century to the 19th century, including one from Shakespeare’s ''King John:'' “''Arthur''. Must you with hot Irons, burne out both mine eyes? ''Hubert.'' Young boy, I must. ''Arthur''. And will you? ''Hubert . And I will.” It is also used for other rhetorical purposes, especially to denote surprise
(O John! and you have seen him! And are you really going?—1884 in OED )
and sometimes just to introduce an improvised afterthought(I’m going to swim. And don’t you dare watch—G. Butler, 1983)
It is, however, poor style to separate short statements into separate sentences when no special effect is needed: I opened the door and I looked into the room'' (not *''I opened the door. And I looked into the room''). Combining sentences or starting with ''in addition'' or ''moreover is preferred in formal writing. - is often omitted for contextual effects of various kinds, especially between sequences of descriptive adjectives which can be separated by commas or simply by spaces
(The teeming jerrybuilt dun-coloured traffic-ridden deafening city—Penelope Lively, 1987)
is a well-established tag added to the end of a statement, as inIsn’t it amazing? He has a Ph.D. and all—J. Shute, 1992
With the nominal meaning “also, besides, in addition”, the use has origins in dialect, as can be seen from the material from many regions given in the English Dialect Dictionary (often written in special ways, e.g., ). In many of the examples it seems to lack any perceptible lexical meaning and to be just a rhythmical device to eke out a sentence.
